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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Perl programming language: Perl – high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, multi-paradigm, dynamic programming language. Perl was originally developed by Larry Wall in 1987 as a general-purpose Unix scripting language to make report processing easier. Since then, it has undergone many changes and revisions and become widely popular amongst programmers. Larry Wall continues to oversee development of the core language, and its upcoming version, Perl 6. Note that Perl 5 and Perl 6 are receiving ongoing development, thereby forking the language, therefore making Perl a family of programming languages. == What ''type'' of thing is Perl? == * Perl can be described as all of the following ''types'' of things: * * Family of programming languages – a programming language is an artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely. Both Perl 5 and Perl 6 are each considered a: * * * General-purpose programming language – programming language designed to be used for writing software in a wide variety of application domains. * * * High-level programming language – programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer. While low-level programming languages are very cryptic, a higher-level programming language may use natural language elements, be easier to use, making the process of developing a program simpler and more understandable with respect to a low-level language. * * * * Interpreted language – programming language in which programs are 'indirectly' executed ("interpreted") by an interpreter program. This can be contrasted with a compiled language which is converted into machine code and then 'directly' executed by the host CPU. * * * * * Scripting language – programming language that supports the writing of scripts, programs written for a software environment that automate the execution of tasks which could alternatively be executed one by one by a human operator. * * * * * * Glue language – programming language (usually a scripting language) used for connecting software components together. * * * * * Dynamic programming language – high-level programming language that executes many common behaviors while running that other languages might perform during compilation, if at all. These behaviors could include extension of the program, by adding new code, by extending objects and definitions, or by modifying the type system, all during program execution. * * * * * * Dynamically typed programming language – A programming language is said to be dynamically typed when the majority of its type checking (for example numerical vs. non-numerical) is performed at run-time as opposed to at compile-time. Therefore, the type for a particular variable or value is not locked in. In dynamic typing values have types, but variables do not; that is, a variable can refer to a value of any type. * * Free and open-source software – software that is both free software and open source. It is liberally licensed to grant users the right to use, copy, study, change, and improve its design through the availability of its source code.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What is free software? )〕 Both Perl 5 and Perl 6 are free and open-source. * * * Free software – software that can be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without restriction, or with restrictions that only ensure that further recipients have the same rights under which it was obtained and that manufacturers of consumer products incorporating free software provide the software as source code. In addition to this, Perl is available for free (i.e., at no cost). * * * Open-source software – computer software that is available in source code form: the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under an open-source license that permits users to study, change, improve and at times also to distribute the software. Open source software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Perl is developed and supported by a large international community of volunteers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Outline of Perl」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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